What is the difference between an agency and a bureau?

The difference between an agency and a bureau has to do with their roles in the government. An agency is an organization created by the state or federal government to oversee and enforce laws. In Nebraska, common examples of agencies are the Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services, the Nebraska Department of Education, and the Nebraska Public Service Commission. A bureau is an organization within an agency that performs specific functions related to the agency’s work. In Nebraska, some bureaus are the Nebraska Department of Education Bureau of Student Achievement, the Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services Bureau of Early Childhood Support, and the Nebraska Public Service Commission Bureau of Consumer Protection. The main difference between an agency and a bureau is that an agency is the overarching organization with multiple bureaus underneath it that have specific roles. The bureaus are established by the agency to help the agency fulfill its specific mission. An agency makes decisions and enforces policies, while the bureaus within the agency are responsible for carrying out specific tasks that help the agency fulfill its mission. They can have different functions from one another, but they all ultimately support the agency’s mission and operations.

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