What is the difference between public law and private law?

Public law involves laws that directly affect the public at large. These laws can involve such subjects as taxes, interstate commerce, government regulations, and criminal law. Private law, on the other hand, involves interactions between individuals or organizations. This includes contract law, family law, trusts, torts, and property law. In South Carolina, public law mainly falls within the jurisdiction of the state or federal government. These laws set up the framework for how persons, corporations, and businesses must conduct themselves in their interactions with each other and the public in general. For instance, public law dictates the penalties for breaking the law, the rights and responsibilities of citizens, and the rules of taxation. Private law, however, mainly focuses on the rights and obligations of individuals and businesses when they interact with each other. Private law consists of contractual agreements, torts such as negligence, actions for debt collection and property disputes. Private law also governs the formation of trusts, wills, and charitable organizations. In summary, the main difference between public law and private law is the subject matter it governs. Public law involves laws that affect the public at large, while private law concerns the rights and obligations of those interacting with each other. Both public and private law are important to maintain a functioning society.

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