What are the different types of business entities available to operate in China?
In California, businesses that want to operate in China must follow the China Business Ventures Law. Under this law, there are six main types of business entities available for businesses operating in China: Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, Limited Company, Joint Venture Company, Foreign-invested Company, and Representative Office. A Sole Proprietorship is an unincorporated business owned and operated by one individual, wherein the owner is legally and financially responsible for the business. A Partnership is an unincorporated business with two or more owners, wherein each owner shares legal and financial responsibility for the business. A Limited Company is an incorporated business owned by shareholders and managed by appointed directors, wherein the shareholders are only liable to the extent of their shareholdings. A Joint Venture Company is a company formed by two or more legal entities that wish to join forces to establish a business in China. A Foreign Invested Company is a company formed in China by a foreign investor and one or more Chinese investors. A Representative Office allows foreign investors to conduct preliminary market research in China without registering an official business. In summary, businesses operating in China must abide by the laws of the China Business Ventures Law, and must choose from one of the six types of business entities available. Depending on the needs of the business, the legal, financial, and operational considerations will differ.
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