What are the differences between civil law and criminal law?
The main difference between civil and criminal law is the kind of wrongdoing that each area of law seeks to address. In civil law, the wrongdoing is generally seen as a wrong committed against an individual or group, while criminal law deals with acts that are considered wrong against society as a whole. Civil law seeks to provide a mechanism for individuals to seek compensation for harm done to them by another person or company. Cases may be resolved through negotiation, arbitration, or a civil lawsuit where the plaintiff is seeking compensation for an injury or damage. The type of damages that may be awarded include compensatory (money) damages, punitive damages, and even injunctive relief (which requires the defendant to do or not do something). In contrast, criminal law is a body of laws which punish individuals who have committed acts that have been deemed to be unacceptable and against the law. For example, if an individual is found guilty of a crime, they may face a range of punishments, including jail time, community service, fines, or a combination of these. Criminal law is meant to provide a deterrent to individuals against committing such offenses in the future. Overall, the differences between civil law and criminal law are significant. Civil law focuses on providing a means of compensation and protection for individuals who have been wronged, while criminal law serves as a deterrent against crimes that threaten the safety and security of the general public.
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