What are the legal standards of proof in civil litigation?

In civil litigation, the legal standards of proof refer to the amount of evidence that must be presented in order to prove that something is true or false. In West Virginia, the legal standard of proof is based on the burden of proof. In civil cases, the plaintiff has the burden of proving their claims by a preponderance of the evidence. The preponderance of the evidence standard means that a plaintiff must prove that it is more likely than not that their allegations are true. The other legal standard of proof in civil cases is the clear and convincing evidence standard. This standard is used when cases involve issues that could result in damage to an individual’s reputation or if a plaintiff wants to be awarded punitive damages. Under the clear and convincing evidence standard, a plaintiff must prove their allegations by a greater amount of evidence than the preponderance of the evidence standard. Additionally, in civil cases, the facts of the case must be established by a minimum amount of evidence. The legal standard of proof for this is known as the substantial evidence standard. The substantial evidence standard means that a plaintiff must submit enough evidence to convince a reasonable person that the facts of the case are true. In summary, the legal standards of proof in civil litigation in West Virginia are the preponderance of the evidence standard, the clear and convincing evidence standard, and the substantial evidence standard.

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