What is the difference between trial and appellate court in civil litigation?

The difference between trial and appellate court in civil litigation is the purpose they serve within the legal system. In civil litigation, trial courts are the first step in the court process. They hear evidence presented by both sides of a dispute, decide factual and legal issues in the case, and ultimately issue a ruling as to liability and damages. Appellate courts, on the other hand, are not re-hearings of matters, but rather a review of the outcome of a trial. The basis for the appellate court review includes assessing whether the trial court made errors of law and/or procedure during the process. If an error is found, the appellate court can reverse, modify, or affirm the ruling of the trial court. In West Virginia, the Supreme Court of Appeals is the first and only appellate court in the state. Typically, the trial court will collect evidence, administer oaths of witnesses, and provide a forum for arguments of legal briefs and oral arguments from the opposing parties. Depending on the outcome of the trial court, either party may file an appeal. The appellate court will then review the trial court’s ruling to determine if an error was made in the initial ruling. In sum, the main difference between trial and appellate court in civil litigation is the purpose they serve. Trial courts adjudicate facts and law and issue a ruling. Appellate courts review the rulings of the trial court for errors. Both trial and appellate courts are key components in the civil litigation process, and their respective roles must be considered.

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What is the difference between trial and appellate court in civil litigation?

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