What is the difference between a public use and a public necessity?

The main difference between a public use and a public necessity in North Carolina, when it comes to eminent domain law, is the basis for the taking of private property. A public use is a physical taking of private property that will benefit the public by providing a public facility or service, such as a highway, public park, or school. A public necessity, on the other hand, is the taking of private property for a public purpose that cannot be achieved any other way. Examples of this include clearing a path for a new power line or railroad or constructing a new reservoir to provide water to a community. In North Carolina, the state must show that the taking of property is necessary for a public use, meaning that it is absolutely the only way to achieve the public purpose and that the property is needed for the public good. On the other hand, for a public necessity, the state must show that the taking of private property is necessary for the public benefit. This means the state must show there is not a more reasonable or less intrusive alternative available that could provide the same public benefit. In conclusion, the primary difference between a public use and a public necessity in North Carolina relates to the basis for the taking of private property and the burden of proof to show necessity. A public use is generally a physical taking of property for a public facility or service, while a public necessity involves the taking of private property to achieve a public purpose that can’t be achieved any other way.

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