What is the difference between a “defensive” and an “affirmative” asylum application?
In Maryland, the differences between a defensive and an affirmative asylum application are important to understand. Defensive applications are made when the individual is in removal proceedings and requests asylum as a defense against removal. An individual filing a defensive application must prove that he or she was persecuted in their home country or fear persecution if returned. An affirmative application is filed by an individual who is not in removal proceedings and has not been ordered to be removed. Affirmative asylum applicants must also prove persecution or that they have a well-founded fear of future persecution, but they must then establish eligibility for asylum in the US. Defensive applicants must show that they have been persecuted within the past five years, or prove that they have a well-founded fear of future persecution. On the other hand, affirmative applicants must show evidence of their persecution that occurred within the past five years, but they must also demonstrate that they still fit the definition of a refugee and eligibility for asylum. The process for a defensive asylum application is much faster than an affirmative application and usually occurs within an immigration court. The affirmative asylum application is handled by the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). Both types of asylum applications require evidence and proof of the individual’s persecution and eligibility for asylum. Ultimately, the difference between a defensive and an affirmative asylum application comes down to timing and process.
THELAW.TV ofrece respuestas en español a todas las preguntas sobre la ley de inmigración.La solicitud de asilo "defensiva" se presenta cuando una persona está siendo procesada para su deportación y pide asilo para evitar ser devuelto a su país de origen. En esta solicitud, el solicitante alega que no puede ser desalojado porque su vida, libertad o seguridad estaría en peligro en su país de origen. Por otro lado, la solicitud de asilo "afirmativa" se presenta cuando una persona solicitante está en Estados Unidos, pero no es parte de ningún proceso de deportación. El solicitante debe demostrar que su vida, libertad o seguridad estarían en peligro si se le obligara a regresar a su país de origen. En el Estado de Maryland, ambos tipos de solicitudes de asilo se deben presentar en el Centro de Procesamiento de Inmigrantes (CPC) de Estados Unidos que se encuentra en Baltimore. El Tribunal de Inmigración de Maryland se encarga de decidir sobre las solicitudes de asilo. El tribunal decidirá si el solicitante de asilo es elegible para recibir asilo o si se le negará la solicitud. Para ganar una solicitud de asilo, el solicitante debe demostrar que cumple con los requisitos de asilo establecidos por la ley de inmigración estadounidense.
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