What are the differences between soft law and hard law in international litigation?

Soft law and hard law are two different types of laws that are used in international litigation. Soft law is generally less binding than harder law and is usually created through negotiations, soft law is also known as a source of “promissory obligation”, meaning it is less binding, more easily changed, and can include ethically binding resolutions. Soft law also gives more flexibility for countries to create a further understanding and agreement between two or more parties. Hard law is a much more binding type of law that is made up of codes, treaties, statutes, and other binding regulations. It is made up of very concrete terms and usually has a set time frame. Hard law is difficult to break due to its binding nature and it is much less likely to be subject to change compared to soft law. In Alaska, the laws for international litigation are largely based on hard law. Codes and statutes are created by the state legislature and courts of law have the authority to interpret and enforce the laws outlined. The state also has treaties with various countries that are signed by both parties and are legally binding. Overall, both soft law and hard law are used in international litigation and they each have their own advantages and disadvantages. Soft law is generally less binding and provides more flexibility while hard law is more concrete and more difficult to change. In Alaska, the majority of international litigation is based on hard law regulations created by the state legislature and enforced by the courts of law.

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