How do state and federal planning agencies coordinate with local land use planning?

Washington state has a complicated system of land use planning that coordinates between state and federal agencies and local governments. The State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA) sets requirements for environmental planning and review. SEPA also requires project sponsors to consider environmental impacts of proposed land development projects, and provide an opportunity for the public to comment on projects. The Growth Management Act (GMA) helps coordinate land use planning between the state and local governments. It requires each county to create a Comprehensive Plan that sets broad goals and objectives for land use, housing, economic development, rural land use and other areas. The GMA also requires regional coordination of land use planning. Washington’s Shoreline Management Act (SMA) sets criteria for protection and development of the state’s shoreline. This law requires local governments to create and implement a Shoreline Master Plan that sets policies and regulations for development and use of the shoreline. Federal agencies such as the US Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management, and US Fish & Wildlife Service must also coordinate with local land use planning. These agencies first assess the potential impacts of a project before it can move forward and then develop their own specific policies for development. Local governments must also consider how federal policies will affect land use planning and development in their area. In Washington, state and federal agencies work together with local governments to coordinate land use planning and ensure standards are met. It is a complex process that balances the need for economic development with the preservation of the environment.

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