What is the law of the sea?
The law of the sea is a body of international law that regulates the maritime activities of nations and individuals in the ocean. It is based on principles of freedom of navigation, respect for the environment, and a fair balance of rights and responsibilities of maritime nations. In the United States, the law of the sea is codified in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). In North Dakota, the law of the sea is covered by the Law & Public Safety chapter of North Dakota’s Century Code. This chapter outlines the general jurisdiction of North Dakota courts to hear and decide cases related to maritime and admiralty matters. Specifically, the law of the sea covers navigational rights of ships in international waters, continental shelf rights, legal regimes for the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and territorial seas, historic bay claims, fishing rights in the high seas, marine environmental protection, and the settlement of maritime boundary disputes. It is a complex and constantly evolving body of law that is important to the preservation of international peace, stability, and security.
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