What is the Indian Land Consolidation Act?

The Indian Land Consolidation Act (ILCA) is a federal law that was passed in 1983. The purpose of the act is to provide economic and social stability to Indian tribes by allowing them to own and manage their own land. Under the act, a federally recognized tribe can consolidate its trust land holdings into a single tribal-owned, tribally managed entity. This entity is called the Indian Land Consolidation Program (ILCP). It is administered by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). Once a tribe is enrolled in the ILCP, the tribe can then begin the process of consolidating its land and resources. This includes creating a single entity that will manage all trust land. The ILCP also assists with the transfer of trust land to tribal ownership and control, and provides technical and financial assistance to help tribes create, plan, and manage their own land. In Tennessee, the United Keetoowah Band, the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, and the Chicksaw Nation have each participated in the ILCP. The ILCP allows these tribes to manage and develop their own trust land, as well as receive assistance for the development of tribal economic enterprises. Overall, the Indian Land Consolidation Act is an important federal law that has given Indian tribes the opportunity to consolidate and manage their own trust land in order to enhance economic and social stability.

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