What treaties have Native Americans signed with the United States?
Native American tribes in Florida have signed several treaties with the United States. In 1823, the Seminole Tribe of Florida signed the Treaty of Moultrie Creek, which set aside a large reservation in central Florida. In 1832, the Treaty of Payne’s Landing was signed, which granted Seminole tribe members legal rights and privileges in the United States. However, the majority of Native American tribes in Florida were forced to remove to Indian Territory in Oklahoma in 1845, through the Treaty of Moultrie Creek. In 1917, the Seminole Tribe of Florida was officially recognized by the United States and granted a reservation near the Big Cypress Swamp. In 1973, the Seminole Tribe signed a landmark agreement, known as the Long-Term Lease Agreement, which affirmed tribal sovereignty and allowed the tribe to pursue economic development. In 1985, the US Supreme Court ruled that the Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida was a sovereign, federally-recognized Indian tribe and that tribe members were entitled to federal recognition and protection to their land and resources. In 2000, the US government signed a landmark settlement agreement with the Seminole Tribe of Florida, granting them a $2 billion settlement for the tribes’ claims of mismanagement of its trust funds and reservation land. In 2010, the federal government and the Seminole Tribe of Florida signed a new 25-year gaming compact that allowed the Seminole Tribe to operate more than a dozen casinos in the state of Florida. This agreement was the first of its kind and provided much needed economic benefits to the tribe. Although this agreement is subject to renegotiation and amendment, it serves as an example of how Native American tribes and the United States can partner together in a mutually beneficial agreement.
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