What are the federal and state laws governing nursing homes?

Nursing home abuse laws in Washington are governed by both federal and state laws. The federal Nursing Home Reform Act (NHRA) of 1987 establishes standards for nursing homes that are to be certified for Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement. The NHRA requires that nursing homes must provide residents with the rights to receive care in a safe and sanitary environment, with the freedom to act independently in decision making, to be adequately informed of care options and medical status, and to be free from abuse, neglect, and exploitation. Washington state also has its own laws that nursing homes must follow in order to receive certification. These laws include requirements for staff training, resident rights, staff qualification, and staffing ratios. In addition, Washington has a specific set of laws pertaining to the investigation and reporting of nursing home abuse and neglect. The Adult Protective Services Act of Washington requires that any allegations of abuse or neglect of a vulnerable adult must be reported to the appropriate authority and that a prompt and thorough investigation is conducted. Finally, Washington state has implemented an ombuds program to protect nursing home residents. The ombuds program employs advocates to monitor and investigate nursing home complaints and provide residents with legal representation and advice. Through this program, nursing home residents are able to receive assistance in obtaining their rights to safe quality care.

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