What are the laws related to genetic testing in the United States?
The laws related to genetic testing in the United States vary by state. In Alaska, the law governing genetic testing requires the informed consent of the person being tested, and the results of the test must be kept confidential. Genetic testing may be conducted for diagnostic, therapeutic, or research purposes. However, the results must be used only with the consent of the individual and may not be used for insurance or employment decisions. Alaska also has laws governing the use of genetic information in insurance decisions. The law prohibits the use of genetic information to deny or limit insurance coverage. Insurance companies may not require genetic testing before providing coverage, nor may they use genetic information to deny or limit coverage. Alaska also has laws that prohibit the use of genetic information in employment decisions. Employers may not consider genetic information when making hiring or promotion decisions, or when making decisions about compensation or other terms and conditions of employment. In addition to these laws, the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) of 2008 is a federal law that prohibits the use of genetic information in employment, health insurance, and disability insurance decisions. GINA also requires that employers keep genetic information private and confidential, and prohibits the collection of genetic information without the individual’s consent.
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