What are the laws related to egg and sperm donation in the United States?
In the United States, egg and sperm donation has been legal since the early 1980s and is regulated by both federal and state laws. Each state has its own rules governing the donation and use of eggs and/or sperm. In North Carolina, the law provides guidelines for all aspects of egg and sperm donation, from who is allowed to donate to the legal implications of receiving donations. According to North Carolina law, individuals who are 18 and older are allowed to donate eggs and sperm, and the donor must provide consent in writing prior to the donation. The donation must be made under the supervision of a licensed physician, and the donor must be tested for communicable and genetic diseases prior to the donation. North Carolina also has restrictions regarding the creation of embryos using donated eggs and sperm, with the goal of preventing the exploitation of the donors or recipients. Any eggs or sperm donated in North Carolina must be used to create an embryo within three years of the date of the donation. In addition, the law prohibits the creation of embryos using donated eggs or sperm for any purpose other than for the creation of a live birth. In North Carolina, the donors have no legal rights or responsibilities related to any children who may be born as a result of the donation, and any eggs or sperm donated must be considered a gift. In addition, it is illegal to compensate donors for donating eggs or sperm, although donors can be reimbursed for medical costs and a limited amount for time off work.
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