What are the elements of a civil conspiracy claim?

In Maryland, a civil conspiracy claim requires the plaintiff to prove four elements. First, the plaintiff must show that there was an agreement or understanding between two or more persons who shared a goal of harming the plaintiff. Second, the plaintiff must prove that the goal of the conspiracy was to commit an illegal act or to further an otherwise legal act by unlawful means. Third, the plaintiff must demonstrate that the agreement resulted in an injury or harm to the plaintiff. Lastly, the plaintiff must prove that the damages incurred were caused by actions taken in furtherance of the conspiracy. The agreement or understanding to commit the wrongful act must be between two or more persons. A single person cannot be held liable for a civil conspiracy. Furthermore, it is important to note that the agreement does not necessarily need to be a formal written document; it can exist in more informal forms, such as conversations between those involved. Furthermore, it is not required for the parties to actually complete the illegal act, or even attempt it. It is enough if they agree to commit it. In Maryland, a person can bring a civil conspiracy claim if they have suffered injury or harm due to the actions of others. This harm could come in the form of economic damage, such as lost revenue, or physical damage, such as personal injury or property damage. The conspiracy must be the cause of the injury suffered by the plaintiff. This means that the plaintiff must prove that their injury would not have occurred without the conspiracy. Finally, the plaintiff must actually demonstrate that they suffered an injury or harm that can be compensated with damages. This can include monetary compensation or other types of relief. If the plaintiff is successful in proving all four elements, they can seek damages for the injury or harm caused by the conspirators.

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