How is airspace classification determined?

Airspace classification is determined by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and is based off the different types of aircraft, flight operations, and the geographical area. First, the FAA will classify airspace by altitude. This is divided into two categories: controlled and uncontrolled airspace. Controlled airspace is generally found within 60 miles of an airport and is typically where the most air traffic is concentrated. This is the airspace that is monitored and regulated by the FAA. Uncontrolled airspace is located outside of the 60-mile buffer and is generally used by general aviation aircraft for sightseeing and recreational flights. The second way in which airspace is classified is based on the type of activity occurring in the airspace. The FAA divides controlled airspace into four classes: A, B, C, and D. Class A airspace is the highest level of airspace and is generally reserved for large commercial aircraft flying at altitudes over 18,000 feet. Class B airspace is typically used for large commercial airports and is reserved for planes flying within a 10-mile radius of the airport and at altitudes over 10,000 feet. Class C airspace is typically used for instrument flight rules (IFR) and is reserved for aircraft flying in and out of smaller airports, typically within a 5-mile radius and altitudes between 10,000 and 18,000 feet. Finally, Class D airspace is the lowest level of airspace and is typically used for small general aviation airports and is reserved for aircraft flying in and out of the airport and under 10,000 feet. In North Carolina, the FAA also divides the airspace into Special Flight Rules Areas (SFRA). These are areas that have unique regulations and requirements for aircraft flying in and out of the state. For example, the Outer Banks of North Carolina is an SFRA and requires all aircraft to follow certain regulations. Ultimately, airspace classification is determined by the FAA and is based on a combination of the type of aircraft, flight operations, and the geographical area.

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