What is the doctrine of res judicata in civil law?

The doctrine of res judicata in civil law is a legal principle that prevents parties from re-litigating a matter that has already been decided. This doctrine holds that a court ruling is binding and final, and prevents parties from bringing the same claim again and again. In Massachusetts, this doctrine applies when the same claim has been brought against the same parties in the same court. Res judicata is a fundamental part of the legal system, as it allows individuals to conclusively settle a dispute without continually having to spend time and money re-litigating the same case. This helps preserve resources and provides finality to the legal process. In Massachusetts, the doctrine of res judicata is further enforced by the principle of collateral estoppel. This principle prevents parties from relitigating issues that have already been decided in a prior case even if the parties are different. This means that a final ruling applies not just to the litigants in the particular case, but to anyone who might seek to challenge the ruling in the future. In summary, the doctrine of res judicata is an important concept in civil law which prevents parties from re-litigating a case they have already settled. In Massachusetts, this principle is enforced by both res judicata and collateral estoppel, which help to protect the legal system by providing finality and conserving resources.

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What is the doctrine of res judicata in civil law?

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