What are the rules for determining a case's jurisdiction?

In Arizona, the rules for determining a case’s jurisdiction depend on the type of case. Generally, jurisdiction in civil cases is either determined by the location of the defendant, or if the defendant is out of state or country, then jurisdiction is based on the nature of the cause of action. If the case is a tort, or wrongful act, then jurisdiction will be based on the location of the defendant or, if the defendant is out of state, then jurisdiction is based on where the act occurred. If the case is a contract dispute, jurisdiction will likely be based on the place of formation of the contract or the state governing the contract. In cases concerning property, jurisdiction will usually be based on the location of the property involved. If it is a criminal case, jurisdiction will be based on the location of the act itself, or more specifically, the jurisdiction in which the criminal law was violated. In addition to the type of case, jurisdiction can also depend on the amount of money in dispute. Some states have established limits on the amount in controversy in order to determine jurisdiction. The court must also consider the availability of other parties for service of process and the convenience of all parties involved. Finally, if a court has no jurisdiction, it may refer the case to another court where jurisdiction is proper. The court may also transfer the case to another court if the transfer is in the interest of justice.

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What are the rules for determining a case's jurisdiction?

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