What is res judicata and collateral estoppel?

Res judicata and collateral estoppel are two common doctrines in civil procedure law in Texas. Res judicata, also known as claim preclusion, is a doctrine that prevents a party from filing the same claim or raising the same issue in a second lawsuit, even if the facts surrounding the claim have changed. Res judicata is based on the idea that the same claim should be resolved in a single lawsuit, and that parties should not be allowed to relitigate the same issues indefinitely. Collateral estoppel, also known as issue preclusion, is a doctrine that prevents a party from relitigating an issue that has already been decided by a court in a previous lawsuit. This means that the issue in question must have been actually litigated between the parties during the first lawsuit, and that the court actually issued a judgment on the issue. This is an important tool to ensure that parties are not able to continually litigate the same issues over and over again. These two doctrines are important in civil procedure in Texas because they help ensure fairness in the judicial system by preventing parties from repeatedly litigating the same claims or issues indefinitely. Additionally, this helps to conserve resources and ensure that parties are able to reach a conclusive ruling on a claim or issue without having to continually face the same issue over and over again.

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What is res judicata and collateral estoppel?

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