What is the Coastal Zone Management Act?

The Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) is a federal law passed in Washington in 1972 to protect the country’s coastal resources. Under the CZMA, federal and state governments partner to manage activities within the coastal zone or near coastal resources. The act establishes a framework for the use of federal funds, provides incentives for states to develop their own coastal zone management programs, and creates the National Coastal Zone Management Program. The CZMA is intended to promote wise stewardship of natural coastal resources by encouraging compatible economic development, protecting sensitive ecosystems, and preserving public access to the shoreline. It is designed to protect ecosystems, habitats, and natural resources, and to reduce the impact of development and pollution on the coast. To receive federal funds, states must develop a “coastal zone management plan” that meets the federal guidelines of the CZMA. Each state’s plan typically includes measures to conserve and protect coastal resources, increase public access, promote sustainable development, and reduce pollution. The CZMA also requires that citizens and local governments be actively involved in the coastal zone management process. In Washington, local governments can participate in the process through citizen advisory councils and local reviews of state and federal management plans.

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What is the Coastal Zone Management Act?

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