What is a subpoena?

A subpoena is a legal document issued by a court ordering an individual or organization to appear in court or to produce evidence or documents. In Virginia, a subpoena is typically issued by a clerk or judge in a civil or criminal case. In civil cases, subpoenas are issued to compel testimony or the production of documents or other evidence. In criminal cases, they are typically used to require a witness to testify in court. Subpoenas are enforceable by law, and failure to comply with one may result in a fine, jail time, or other sanctions. Subpoenas are delivered in person or by registered mail and must be done in such a way that the recipient can prove that they were served with it. In Virginia, the service of a subpoena must be acknowledged by staff, a parent, legal guardian, or other adult in the household. If an individual or organization is served with a subpoena, they must obey it or face possible legal consequences. Individuals or organizations may be able to challenge a subpoena or request that it be modified, but those requests should be handled only by an experienced lawyer. It is important to note that a subpoena is not a summons and should not be confused with one. A summons is an official request for an individual to appear in court, and it does not necessarily require that evidence or documents be produced. A subpoena is an order to appear in court and/or to produce evidence or documents.

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