What is the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (CPED)?

The International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (CPED) is an international treaty that protects people from being forcibly disappeared by the state. It was adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2006 and entered into force in 2010. Under the CPED, states and signatory parties pledge to take steps to prevent any person from being arbitrarily deprived of their liberty, and to ensure that any such deprivation of liberty is not enforced or involuntary. It also outlines measures to ensure that any person who is forcibly abducted is released, that they are informed of their legal rights and that their families are kept informed of their fate. The CPED also requires signatory states to investigate any act of enforced disappearance and, if found guilty, to prosecute and punish the responsible parties. It established an International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (CPDED) Committee to examine complaints and monitor state parties’ compliance with the Convention. In Maryland, the CPED is part of the state’s obligations under international law, and it is enforced by both state and federal laws. For instance, Maryland’s Criminal Procedure Article criminalizes any person who wrongfully detains or confines another person, as well as conspiracy to do so. Maryland also has laws that protect witnesses and victims of enforced disappearance from any form of intimidation or retaliation.

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