What is the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934?

The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 (IRA) was a federal law passed by the United States Congress in 1934 to encourage Native American tribes to recognize tribal sovereignty, create local governments, and foster economic self-sufficiency. It is also known as the Wheeler-Howard Act. The IRA provided incentives for tribes to adopt a written constitution based on a model proposed by the federal government, which would govern the tribe and protect its land resources. The IRA also abolished the Office of Indian Affairs, which had been responsible for managing Native American affairs and replaced it with the Bureau of Indian Affairs. In Michigan, the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 has had an influence on the protection of Native American rights and culture. The IRA provided a method for tribes to regain some control over their affairs and to protect their land and resources to ensure they are able to continue traditional practices. The IRA also provided for federal trust responsibility for Native American tribes, which means the federal government has a special duty to protect the tribes and their rights, including the right to self-governance. In Michigan, the IRA is also important for enforcing the rights of Native Americans. This includes helping with claims for compensation for land taken by the US government in the past, and for protecting Native Americans from discrimination in the public and private sectors. Michigan has long been home to many Native American tribes, and the IRA ensures that their rights are respected and protected.

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What is the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934?

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