What treaties have Native Americans signed with the United States?
Native Americans in New York have a long history of signing treaties with the United States. The first treaty was negotiated by the Oneida Nation in 1785. This treaty guaranteed the Oneida Nation sovereignty and ownership of their lands in New York. The Treaty of Canandaigua was signed in 1794 between the United States and the Six Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy, which included the Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Seneca, and Tuscarora Nations. This treaty was to guarantee peace between the two nations and recognized the sovereignty of the Six Nations. The Treaty of Buffalo Creek was signed in 1838 between the United States and the Seneca Nation. This treaty granted the Seneca Nation the right of self-government on their reservations and recognized their sovereignty and autonomy, as well as allowing them to hunt and fish on their land. The Treaty of Big Tree was signed in 1797 between the United States and the Seneca Nation. This treaty ceded much of the Seneca Nation’s land in western New York to the United States, and some of the lands’ profits were used to benefit the Seneca Nation. More recently, the Oneida Nation and the United States signed the Oneida Nation Settlement Act in 2016, which restored control of some ancestral lands to the Oneida Nation and provided financial compensation for loss of land. These treaties demonstrate the long history of negotiation and compromise between Native American Nations and the United States in the state of New York.
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