What is the scope of the right to jury trial under the Seventh Amendment?
The Seventh Amendment enshrines the right to a jury trial in federal court proceedings. This right is applicable to “suits at common law”, which usually refers to civil cases that involve asking for monetary damages. In the state of New York, a jury trial is available to litigants in civil cases with claims of at least $25,000. Generally, the right to a jury trial in New York extends to any civil action except for small claims, family law matters, and cases involving preliminary injunctions. The scope of the right to jury trial in New York is limited in certain circumstances. For example, when parties agree to a bench trial or to adjudicate claims through arbitration, either party can waive the right to a jury trial. In addition, a court may deny the right to a jury trial if it can be demonstrated that the claim is based on equitable principles, rather than legal ones. The right to a jury trial is particularly important in New York because of the state’s long history of allowing juries to decide cases. This allows the parties to the dispute to have their case heard before a panel of their peers, who may be more sympathetic to their claims or more knowledgeable about the facts of the case. This increases the chances of a fair outcome and allows parties to the dispute to have their case decided by the people who understand it best.
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