Are there any exceptions to the “first-in-time, first-in-right” rule?
Yes, there are exceptions to the “first-in-time, first-in-right” rule applied to water law in Florida. This rule generally states that the water rights of the person who applies for and obtains a permit first are considered the oldest and highest priority when compared to other permits issued at a later time. However, there are several exceptions to this rule in Florida. One exception is that the state can use its sovereign powers and allocate water resources differently from the order in which the permits are obtained. For example, the state may decide to issue permits that prioritize a certain type of use, such as the environment or municipal uses. It may also prioritize certain users, such as senior users, agricultural and industrial users, or users in a certain region or watershed. In addition, some users may be “grandfathered” into existing regulations, meaning they are allowed to keep their existing water rights despite the fact that their permit was issued before those of other users. This is especially true in cases where a long-term user has a substantial investment in their use of the water and it would create an unfair burden to displace them. Finally, some users may be able to acquire additional water rights through riparian rights or by proving that their use of the water is more beneficial to the public good than that of other users. These exceptions allow for the state to balance multiple interests in water resources and ensure that all users can access the water they need, even if they applied for the permit after other users.
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