What is the difference between tax evasion and tax avoidance?

Tax evasion and tax avoidance both involve a person or organization avoiding or reducing their tax liabilities, but they are distinct activities. Tax evasion is the illegal attempt to avoid paying taxes by not declaring income, hiding assets, or claiming deductions or exemptions without having an entitlement to them. It is a form of fraud that is considered a felony offense in most jurisdictions. Tax avoidance, on the other hand, is the legal process of reducing tax liabilities, such as taking advantage of available exemptions, credits and deductions. While tax avoidance is not illegal, it can be considered unethical by some, as it takes advantage of existing loopholes to lower taxes. In Virginia, some of the main penalties for tax evasion include fines, imprisonment, and subsequent criminal record. The severity of the penalties depends on the amount of unpaid taxes. Tax avoidance is not a crime and does not carry criminal penalties, but it is closely monitored by the government. Those who attempt to evade taxes can face serious consequences that may have long-term implications.

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