What are the legal steps I must complete in order to adopt a child?

In Virginia, the process to legally adopt a child can be divided into six primary steps. First, the potential adoptive parent(s) must attend an Adoption Home Study to evaluate the individual’s home situation and suitability to parent. The home study is completed by a licensed social worker and reviews the family’s background, lifestyle, and home environment. Second, the potential parent(s) must submit their application to adopt with the Virginia Department of Social Services. The application includes personal details, financial information, and other identifying documents. Third, the applicant is legally cleared as a parent and fingerprinted to background check. Fourth, the applicant must complete the adoption placement process. This includes finding a child to adopt either through a private agency, licensed child-placing agency, or an independent private adoption. This process must be done in adherence to state law. Fifth, the applicant will need to obtain court approval for the adoption. This process requires two hearings. The first is a juvenile and domestic relations court where the adoption petition is heard. The second is a circuit court hearing where the adoption is finalized. Finally, the applicant will need to obtain a new birth certificate for the child. This process is done through the Virginia Office of Vital Records. Ultimately, the process to legally adopt a child in Virginia requires attention to detail, an understanding of the legalities involved, and patience. The total process can take anywhere from weeks to months (or even years) to complete.

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What are the legal steps I must complete in order to adopt a child?

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