What is the scope of the Montreal Convention on International Air Transport?

The Montreal Convention on International Air Transport is an international treaty designed to establish a comprehensive and uniform set of rules governing the international carriage of passengers, baggage, cargo, and mail by air. The Convention sets out the rights and liabilities of air carriers, passengers, shippers, and consignees in the event of an accident or incident resulting in injury or death to passengers, damage to cargo or baggage, or other losses associated with air travel. The Convention applies to all international carriage of persons, baggage, cargo, and mail, with some specific exceptions. Carriage by air is deemed to be international if the departure and arrival airports are located in different countries, or the airports are located in the same country but are situated outside the territory of the state of registration of the aircraft. Carriage is also deemed to be international if the aircraft proceeds to a stop in a third country, even if the aircraft is registered in one of the countries between which the carriage is taking place. The Convention also establishes a uniform system of liability for damages resulting from the carriage of passengers, baggage, cargo, and mail on international flights. Under the Convention, passengers, shippers, and consignees have certain rights in the event of an accident, such as compensation for death or injury to passengers, and for the damage or loss of baggage or cargo. Air carriers are required to maintain certain insurance policies to cover their liability in the event of an accident or incident. The Convention also establishes a two-year limit on the filing of any legal action against air carriers, which must be filed within two years of the date on which the incident occurred.

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