What are the legal requirements for pilot training and certification?
In California, pilot training and certification is regulated by federal and state law, as well as individual licensing requirements and certificates. Federal law requires that all pilots complete certain training, possess a valid pilot’s certificate, and meet certain medical requirements. The first step to becoming a pilot in California is to obtain a Student Pilot’s Certificate. This certificate allows the holder to operate an aircraft for instructional purposes only, and is valid for 24 months. After obtaining a Student Pilot’s Certificate, an applicant must obtain an FAA medical certificate from an Aviation Medical Examiner. The FAA medical certificate establishes the pilot’s fitness to fly. In order to receive a pilot’s license, pilots must pass a written examination and the practical test. The written exam covers air regulations, aircraft systems and performance, navigation, and other topics. The practical test is administered by an FAA designee and tests a pilot’s ability to operate an aircraft. Once a pilot has obtained their license, they must receive additional training every 24 months to maintain their skills. The FAA requires pilots to receive three hours of classroom instruction, pass a knowledge test, and complete three takeoffs and landings in the same make and model aircraft they intend to fly. Pilots must also pass a Flight Review every 24 months to ensure they are operating safely. A pilot’s license is only valid for a specific category and class of aircraft. Pilots must pass additional tests in order to fly different aircraft. For example, someone who holds a single-engine land pilot’s license would need to obtain additional training and certification in order to fly a single-engine seaplane.
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