What antitrust laws are specific to individual states?

Antitrust laws are laws that are designed to protect businesses, consumers, and the public from anticompetitive practices that can limit free and fair competition. In the United States, antitrust laws and regulations are initially passed by federal governments, but individual states can also create additional antitrust laws that are specific to them. California is one of the many states that have implemented state-specific antitrust laws. In California, the state antitrust laws generally aim to protect consumers from anti-competitive businesses. These laws prohibit agreements between businesses that restrain trade, such as price fixing or market allocation. California antitrust laws also prohibit the act of monopolizing any industry or market to increase prices. For example, businesses that engage in horizontal price-fixing (agreements between two or more companies to set the same price for their goods or services) can be subject to penalties under California antitrust laws. In addition to these antitrust laws, California also has specific laws aimed at protecting small businesses. The California Cartwright Act prohibits unfair business practices by companies with a dominant market position and prohibits exclusionary agreements that limit access to the market. This is aimed at preventing large businesses from unfairly undercutting small businesses. Overall, California has specific antitrust laws that are designed to protect both consumers and businesses. These laws are important in creating a fair and competitive market where businesses of all sizes have a chance to succeed.

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