What is res judicata and collateral estoppel?

Res judicata and collateral estoppel are two distinct legal doctrines that come into play in civil procedure in the State of Hawaii. Res judicata, also known as claim preclusion, is the legal principle that a matter which has been decided or determined by a court of law is final and cannot be litigated again. In other words, res judicata prevents the same cause of action from being re-litigated between the same parties. Collateral estoppel is another legal principle in civil procedure that prevents parties from re-litigating a particular issue that has already been decided by a court. Unlike res judicata, collateral estoppel does not prevent the entire claim from being re-litigated. Collateral estoppel is usually used when a party wants to dispute a particular point without re-litigating the entire case. In Hawaii, both of these doctrines—res judicata and collateral estoppel—protect the finality of judgments made in court and are used to prevent parties from re-litigating the same issues and causes of action. They are intended to be used as a deterrent to ensure that parties do not waste time and resources on repeating claims that have already been decided by courts.

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What is res judicata and collateral estoppel?

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