What is a pro se litigant?

A pro se litigant is an individual who represents themselves in a court proceeding without the assistance of an attorney. This is common in Virginia, as many people are unable to afford an attorney but still need to bring their legal matter to court for resolution. When a litigant decides to represent themselves, they become responsible for complying with all court rules, researching and understanding relevant laws, and presenting their case. This includes filing all required documents in the proper format and within the set deadlines, making sure they are properly served, and participating at all court hearings. Pro se litigants also have to be able to build arguments, cross-examine witnesses, and make legal arguments in court. Those who do not feel comfortable handling these tasks on their own may be able to get help from a legal professional or legal aid office. If an individual decides to proceed pro se, it is important that they remain organized, take good notes, and be proactive. It is also important for them to be aware of the risks of proceeding without an attorney, such as the potential to receive unfavorable decisions or to be bound by court orders they may not have been familiar with beforehand.

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