What is a maritime lien?

A maritime lien is a legal claim against a vessel or other maritime property that acts as a security interest for the payment of a debt or other obligation. It is a form of security interest created by maritime law that is recognized even in foreign nations, making it useful in international waters. In Texas, a maritime lien is defined under the Texas Admiralty and Maritime Law and is used when a creditor provides goods or services and has a legal right to payment from the vessel’s owner. When a vessel fails to pay the debt, the lien becomes effective. The lien attaches to the vessel and follows it wherever it may go, even to different countries. However, in most countries, the maritime creditor cannot seize the vessel, but can hold it until the debt is paid. In Texas, a maritime lien is created after a good or service has been provided. The maritime lien can go against a vessel, engine, equipment, freight, or cargo. The lien is superior to all other claims against the vessel and can only be paid off when the vessel is sold or when the debt is satisfied.

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