What is the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934?
The Indian Reorganization Act (IRA) of 1934 was a policy enacted by the federal government to improve the living conditions of Native American tribes in the United States. It reversed many of the policies enacted during the late 19th century that had forced Native Americans off their lands and onto reservations. The IRA provided money for tribal education, health care, and other services. It also provided funds to help tribes buy back their land and rebuild their homelands. In Oregon, the IRA enabled the Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation to buy a parcel of land and begin a new self-governance system, which eventually became the Warm Springs Tribal Council. The IRA also allowed tribes to create constitutions and reorganize their governments according to their tribal customs. The IRA was an important step in restoring the rights and self-determination of Native Americans.
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