What is the difference between a restrictive covenant and a zoning ordinance?

A restrictive covenant and a zoning ordinance are both legal instruments used in property law in Washington State. A restrictive covenant is a private agreement between two or more parties that can be either voluntary or imposed by the court. It limits the sale and use of land and structures specified in the agreement. For example, a restrictive covenant may limit the size of a structure that can be built on the property. Restrictive covenants typically last in perpetuity, meaning they remain in effect until they are legally terminated. A zoning ordinance, on the other hand, is a law passed by local governments to regulate the use and development of land within their jurisdiction. Zoning ordinances divide a certain region into various districts and zones where specific activities are allowed or prohibited. This allows governments to control development and prevent neighborhoods from becoming overcrowded. Zoning ordinances are highly specific and have detailed descriptions of the use and development restrictions for each zone. Unlike restrictive covenants, zoning ordinances are subject to change with local government approval.

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