How has the Supreme Court interpreted the Ninth Amendment of the US Constitution?

The Ninth Amendment of the United States Constitution was added in 1791, in order to protect the rights of individuals from being unconstitutionally limited by the government. The Ninth Amendment states that “The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.” The Supreme Court of the United States has employed a variety of interpretations when addressing the Ninth Amendment. In Griswold v. Connecticut (1965), the Supreme Court ruled that the Ninth Amendment was a broader protection for individual rights than those specifically enumerated in the Bill of Rights. The court found that the right to privacy was protected by the Ninth Amendment, even though there is no explicit mention of the right in the Constitution. Subsequent cases have held that the Ninth Amendment protects certain unenumerated rights such as freedom of thought, freedom of speech, and the right to associate with others. More recently, the Supreme Court has interpreted the Ninth Amendment to preclude laws that ban religious displays on public property. In Van Orden v. Perry (2005), the court held that the Ninth Amendment was not a source of any substantive rights, but instead was intended to underscore the principle that some rights are otherwise unconditionally guaranteed by the Constitution and are not dependent on enumeration. Thus, the Supreme Court has interpreted the Ninth Amendment to recognize certain unenumerated rights and to protect against unconstitutional restrictions on those rights.

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How has the Supreme Court interpreted the Ninth Amendment of the US Constitution?

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