What are the laws governing the sale of products labeled as “organic”?

In the state of Virginia, the law governing the sale of organic products is part of the National Organic Program (NOP) of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The NOP defines organic products as those grown and processed with no synthetic chemicals, fertilizers, or genetically modified organisms. Any product claiming to be organic must meet the NOP standards and carry a USDA-certified organic seal or label. Food sold as organic must contain 95 percent or more organically produced ingredients and be produced without genetic engineering, sewage sludge, and irradiation. USDA-certified organic non-food products must contain at least 70 percent organic ingredients. In addition, products labeled “100 percent organic” must be made with only organic ingredients. The NOP also requires organic producers to keep comprehensive records of their organic production and handling activities. These records must include information about all organic inputs, farming activities, processing and handling steps, and the final organic product. Producers must also have a USDA-accredited certifying agent certify their organic operations and products as meeting the organic standards. Organic products are subject to the same inspection and enforcement provisions as conventional products. Any produces or processors that violate labeling regulations or use prohibited substances can face civil penalties or criminal prosecution. Furthermore, organic products must be sold separately from conventional products and may not be marketed as conventional products. These regulations are in place to protect consumers and promote fair competition within the industry.

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What are the laws governing the sale of products labeled as “organic”?

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