What are the rules for hearsay evidence in criminal trials?

Hearsay evidence is a statement made by someone other than the witness who is testifying at the trial. This statement is offered as evidence to prove the truth of the matter being asserted. In criminal trials, hearsay evidence is not admissible due to its lack of trustworthiness. In California, the rule prohibiting hearsay evidence is in line with the federal rules of evidence and is stated in the California Evidence Code. The rule generally prohibits the introduction of out-of-court statements as evidence, unless the statement falls under one of the exceptions. Some of the exceptions to the rule include the statements of a deceased person, statements made during the course of medical treatment, and prior consistent statements made by the witness. In criminal trials, the rules for hearsay evidence are designed to ensure that only trustworthy evidence is presented at trial. The California Evidence Code makes important distinctions as to what kind of statements can be used as evidence and which ones should be excluded. Generally speaking, the prosecution must prove its case beyond a reasonable doubt, and hearsay evidence can be unreliable and can sway the jury’s decision. Therefore, the rules against hearsay evidence in criminal trials help to protect the defendant’s right to a fair trial.

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What are the rules for hearsay evidence in criminal trials?

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