What is the scope of the International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue?
The International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue (SAR) is an international treaty that seeks to provide an internationally recognized framework to improve response to maritime distress incidents and related search and rescue operations. It sets out the rights and duties of signatory nations to ensure the rescue and assistance of persons in distress at sea, as well as their obligations to cooperate with other nations or organizations when conducting SAR operations. The Convention applies to all “persons” in distress at sea. This includes vessels, aircraft, and persons within the jurisdiction of a signatory nation, who are in distress on the high seas, or in any other place that is not within the jurisdiction of any nation. It also applies to persons found in distress on the high seas from any other cause. The Convention sets out the obligations of States to provide or arrange appropriate and prompt assistance in the event of a SAR operation. It also establishes the criteria for the rescue and assistance of persons in distress, as well as their subsequent repatriation and the liability of signatory nations for the costs of SAR operations. In addition, the Convention contains provisions on flag State responsibility in the event of an emergency, as well as requirements for signatory nations to cooperate with each other in the event of a distress situation, and to coordinate their efforts in order to ensure the best possible outcome for persons in distress. Finally, the Convention establishes the International Maritime Search and Rescue Advisory System (IMSRAS) to provide guidance and support to SAR operations in signatory states. Overall, the Convention seeks to create an international framework to ensure the effective and efficient coordination of SAR operations, and to ensure that persons in distress at sea receive the assistance they need and deserve.
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